ACTA atau The Anti-Counterfeiting Trade Agreement adalah perjanjian plurilateral yang diusulkan untuk tujuan penetapkan standar internasional tentang penegakan hukum hak kekayaan intelektual. Setelah SOPA yang dibuat berdasarkan PIPA dibatalkan kemaren (lihat artikel STOP SOPA PIPA dan UU ITE Pasal 27 Ayat 3, sekarang dunia online dihebohkan dengan kemunculan ACTA.
ACTA merupakan perjanjian kesepakatan yang dibentuk oleh organisasi non-pemerintahan (ornop) yang diajukan pertama kali oleh Jepang di tahun 2006 sehubungan dengan Perdagangan BEBAS. Acta akan menimbulkan kerangka hukum internasional bagi negara-negara yang tergabung di dalamnya. Kerangka hukum ini sebenarnya bagus karena akan mengatur perlindungan tentang materi fisik seperti obat-obatan maupun makanan.
TETAPI.... ada bagian tertentu dari kesepakan itu yang akan mengganggu pengguna internet yaitu aturan mengenai "distribusi di internet dan teknologi informasi". Bahaya ACTA dapat dilihat pada video di bawah ini :
What Is ACTA ?
Apakah ACTA itu?
Say NO to ACTA
ACTA akan menyebabkan terbatasnya gerak penyebaran informasi di internet yang tentu saja membatasi hak warga negara dan kebebasan berekspresi serta HAK KOMUNIKASI PRIBADI. Hal ini tentu berpengaruh kepada blogger, pengguna media sosial dan pengguna internet pada umumnya, karena SEMUA INFORMASI apapun yang disebarkan harus melalui "saringan ACTA".
ACTA mewajibkan penyedia jasa Internet Service Provider (ISP) untuk menyaring semua informasi yang melalui jaringan mereka. Karena saringan ini akan membaca seluruh informasi yang disalurkan, tentu saja akan terbaca seluruh komunikasi, baik yang PRIBADI maupun umum.
ACTA itu sendiri merupakan perjanjian antar negara. Bagi AS, perjanjian ini dapat berlaku tanpa persetujuan Dewan Kongres dan Pemimpin Pemerintahan, menjadikan hal ini sangat berbahaya bagi pengguna informasi. Hal ini menyebabkan banyak yang menentang kesepakatan perjanjian ACTA ini termasuk Gedung Putih (Presiden Amerika Serikat) yang dipublish di website White House :
Speak out against ACTA
Bagian-dari ACTA yang dapat menyebabkan penyebaran informasi di dunia online terancam :
Danger Parts of Finalized English text of the agreement ACTA participants finalized the English, French and Spanish versions of the ACTA text on April 15, 2011 :
http://www.international.gc.ca/trade-agreements-accords-commerciaux/assets/pdfs/acta-crc_apr15-2011_eng.pdf
ARTICLE 11: INFORMATION RELATED TO INFRINGEMENT
Without prejudice to its law governing privilege, the protection of confidentiality of information sources, or the processing of personal data, each Party shall provide that, in civil judicial proceedings concerning the enforcement of intellectual property rights, its judicial authorities have the authority, upon a justified request of the right holder, to order the infringer or, in the alternative, the alleged infringer, to provide to the right holder or to the judicial authorities, at least for the purpose of collecting evidence, relevant information as provided for in its applicable laws and regulations that the infringer or alleged infringer possesses or controls. Such information may include information regarding any person involved in any aspect of the infringement or alleged infringement and regarding the means of production or the channels of distribution of the infringing or allegedly infringing goods or services, including the identification of third persons alleged to be involved in the production and distribution of such goods or services and of their channels of distribution.
ARTICLE 23: CRIMINAL OFFENCES
Footer 9 :
A Party may comply with its obligation relating to importation and exportation of counterfeit trademark goods or pirated copyright goods by providing for distribution, sale or offer for sale of such goods on a commercial scale as unlawful activities subject to criminal penalties.
ARTICLE 27: ENFORCEMENT IN THE DIGITAL ENVIRONMENT
1. Each Party shall ensure that enforcement procedures, to the extent set forth in Sections 2 (Civil Enforcement) and 4 (Criminal Enforcement), are available under its law so as to permit effective action against an act of infringement of intellectual property rights which takes place in the digital environment, including expeditious remedies to prevent infringement and remedies which constitute a deterrent to further infringements.
2. Further to paragraph 1, each Party’s enforcement procedures shall apply to infringement of copyright or related rights over digital networks, which may include the unlawful use of means of widespread distribution for infringing purposes. These procedures shall be implemented in a manner that avoids the creation of barriers to legitimate activity, including electronic commerce, and, consistent with that Party’s law, preserves fundamental principles such as freedom of expression, fair process, and privacy.
.....
7. To protect electronic rights management information, each Party shall provide adequate legal protection and effective legal remedies against any person knowingly performing without authority any of the following acts knowing, or with respect to civil remedies, having reasonable grounds to know, that it will induce, enable, facilitate, or conceal an infringement of any copyright or related rights:
(a) to remove or alter any electronic rights management information;
(b) to distribute, import for distribution, broadcast, communicate, or make available to the public copies of works, performances, or phonograms, knowing that electronic rights management information has been removed or altered without authority.
Footer 14 :
Perhatikan yang digaris-bawahi.
Berhubungan dengan Article 27 Point 5.
For the purposes of this Article, technological measures means any technology, device, or component that, in the normal course of its operation, is designed to prevent or restrict acts, in respect of works, performances, or phonograms, which are not authorized by authors, performers or producers of phonograms, as provided for by a Party’s law. Without prejudice to the scope of copyright or related rights contained in a Party’s law, technological measures shall be deemed effective where the use of protected works, performances, or phonograms is controlled by authors, performers or producers of phonograms through the application of a relevant access control or protection process, such as encryption or scrambling, or a copy control mechanism, which achieves the objective of protection.
Mirip dengan UU ITE Pasal 27 Ayat 3 neh.
ACTA merupakan perjanjian kesepakatan yang dibentuk oleh organisasi non-pemerintahan (ornop) yang diajukan pertama kali oleh Jepang di tahun 2006 sehubungan dengan Perdagangan BEBAS. Acta akan menimbulkan kerangka hukum internasional bagi negara-negara yang tergabung di dalamnya. Kerangka hukum ini sebenarnya bagus karena akan mengatur perlindungan tentang materi fisik seperti obat-obatan maupun makanan.
TETAPI.... ada bagian tertentu dari kesepakan itu yang akan mengganggu pengguna internet yaitu aturan mengenai "distribusi di internet dan teknologi informasi". Bahaya ACTA dapat dilihat pada video di bawah ini :
What Is ACTA ?
Apakah ACTA itu?
Say NO to ACTA
ACTA Threats to freedom and fundamental human rights
ACTA akan menyebabkan terbatasnya gerak penyebaran informasi di internet yang tentu saja membatasi hak warga negara dan kebebasan berekspresi serta HAK KOMUNIKASI PRIBADI. Hal ini tentu berpengaruh kepada blogger, pengguna media sosial dan pengguna internet pada umumnya, karena SEMUA INFORMASI apapun yang disebarkan harus melalui "saringan ACTA".
ACTA mewajibkan penyedia jasa Internet Service Provider (ISP) untuk menyaring semua informasi yang melalui jaringan mereka. Karena saringan ini akan membaca seluruh informasi yang disalurkan, tentu saja akan terbaca seluruh komunikasi, baik yang PRIBADI maupun umum.
ACTA itu sendiri merupakan perjanjian antar negara. Bagi AS, perjanjian ini dapat berlaku tanpa persetujuan Dewan Kongres dan Pemimpin Pemerintahan, menjadikan hal ini sangat berbahaya bagi pengguna informasi. Hal ini menyebabkan banyak yang menentang kesepakatan perjanjian ACTA ini termasuk Gedung Putih (Presiden Amerika Serikat) yang dipublish di website White House :
...It is potentially hazardous to the Internet we know and how it works.
We need to stop ACTA before it is finally approved by all countries involved. If you value your privacy and you don't want "Big Brother" watching over you, sign this petition and spread the word. Research ACTA and see just how dangerous it is to the Internet, our privacy, and our liberties.
https://wwws.whitehouse.gov/petitions#!/petition/end-acta-and-protect-our-right-privacy-internet/MwfSVNBK
STOP ACTA
Speak out against ACTA
Bagian-dari ACTA yang dapat menyebabkan penyebaran informasi di dunia online terancam :
Danger Parts of Finalized English text of the agreement ACTA participants finalized the English, French and Spanish versions of the ACTA text on April 15, 2011 :
http://www.international.gc.ca/trade-agreements-accords-commerciaux/assets/pdfs/acta-crc_apr15-2011_eng.pdf
ARTICLE 11: INFORMATION RELATED TO INFRINGEMENT
Without prejudice to its law governing privilege, the protection of confidentiality of information sources, or the processing of personal data, each Party shall provide that, in civil judicial proceedings concerning the enforcement of intellectual property rights, its judicial authorities have the authority, upon a justified request of the right holder, to order the infringer or, in the alternative, the alleged infringer, to provide to the right holder or to the judicial authorities, at least for the purpose of collecting evidence, relevant information as provided for in its applicable laws and regulations that the infringer or alleged infringer possesses or controls. Such information may include information regarding any person involved in any aspect of the infringement or alleged infringement and regarding the means of production or the channels of distribution of the infringing or allegedly infringing goods or services, including the identification of third persons alleged to be involved in the production and distribution of such goods or services and of their channels of distribution.
ARTICLE 23: CRIMINAL OFFENCES
Footer 9 :
A Party may comply with its obligation relating to importation and exportation of counterfeit trademark goods or pirated copyright goods by providing for distribution, sale or offer for sale of such goods on a commercial scale as unlawful activities subject to criminal penalties.
ARTICLE 27: ENFORCEMENT IN THE DIGITAL ENVIRONMENT
1. Each Party shall ensure that enforcement procedures, to the extent set forth in Sections 2 (Civil Enforcement) and 4 (Criminal Enforcement), are available under its law so as to permit effective action against an act of infringement of intellectual property rights which takes place in the digital environment, including expeditious remedies to prevent infringement and remedies which constitute a deterrent to further infringements.
2. Further to paragraph 1, each Party’s enforcement procedures shall apply to infringement of copyright or related rights over digital networks, which may include the unlawful use of means of widespread distribution for infringing purposes. These procedures shall be implemented in a manner that avoids the creation of barriers to legitimate activity, including electronic commerce, and, consistent with that Party’s law, preserves fundamental principles such as freedom of expression, fair process, and privacy.
.....
7. To protect electronic rights management information, each Party shall provide adequate legal protection and effective legal remedies against any person knowingly performing without authority any of the following acts knowing, or with respect to civil remedies, having reasonable grounds to know, that it will induce, enable, facilitate, or conceal an infringement of any copyright or related rights:
(a) to remove or alter any electronic rights management information;
(b) to distribute, import for distribution, broadcast, communicate, or make available to the public copies of works, performances, or phonograms, knowing that electronic rights management information has been removed or altered without authority.
Footer 14 :
Perhatikan yang digaris-bawahi.
Berhubungan dengan Article 27 Point 5.
For the purposes of this Article, technological measures means any technology, device, or component that, in the normal course of its operation, is designed to prevent or restrict acts, in respect of works, performances, or phonograms, which are not authorized by authors, performers or producers of phonograms, as provided for by a Party’s law. Without prejudice to the scope of copyright or related rights contained in a Party’s law, technological measures shall be deemed effective where the use of protected works, performances, or phonograms is controlled by authors, performers or producers of phonograms through the application of a relevant access control or protection process, such as encryption or scrambling, or a copy control mechanism, which achieves the objective of protection.
STOP ACTA
Mirip dengan UU ITE Pasal 27 Ayat 3 neh.
